Technique Tip: Medial prominence bone spur resection in the third-generation percutaneous Chevron-Akin Osteotomy Technique (PECA) for hallux valgus correction

The third-generation percutaneous chevron and Akin osteotomy (PECA) technique for surgical management of hallux valgus has shown improvement in clinical and radiographic outcomes. During this procedure, lateral translation and fixation of the first metatarsal head results in the formation of a bony prominence on the medial side of the distal aspect of the first metatarsal which can cause pain and discomfort to the patient. We describe two techniques to address this bony prominence; either i) excision osteotomy and removal of the fragment or ii) a dorsal closing wedge osteotomy retaining the bony fragment.Level of EvidenceLevel V, expert opinion     

双反牵引复位结合PFNA治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的初步临床应用

目的探讨双反牵引技术辅助闭合复位PFNA内固定治疗股骨粗隆间骨折的临床效果。 方法选取2015年5月至2017年5月在本院接受治疗的80例股骨粗隆间骨折患者为研究对象，其中失访者10例，根据复位方式的区别，将其分为双反牵引复位组与牵引床复位组。对比两组手术时间、术中出血量等各项指标间的差异。 结果70例患者术后获得随访，随访率87.5%，平均随访14个月。男性31例，女性39例，平均年龄（83.8±0.5）岁。双反牵引组患者手术时间、出血量及术中骨折复位时间、术中透视次数[（76±11）min，（80±90）ml，（12±3）min，（20±2）次]少于牵引床组[（85±13）min，（100±104）ml，（25±3）min，（25±3）次]，差异具有统计学意义（t=1.624，P=0.043；t=-1.773，P=0.037；t=1.362, P=0.041；t=-2.757，P=0.035），双反牵引复位组术后1、3个月患侧髋、膝功能评分明显优于牵引床复位组（P<0.05），术后6、12个月两组髋膝功能评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 结论双反牵引复位股骨粗隆间骨折操作简便，复位质量高，对周围组织血运保护好、时间短、康复快，近期疗效优。     

Freehand-robot-assisted laparoscopic colorectal surgery: Initial experience in the Trinidad and Tobago

Laparoscopic colorectal surgery is still developing in the Anglophone Caribbean, having been first performed in the region in the year 2011. We report the initial outcomes using a robot camera holder to assist in laparoscopic colorectal operations. AIMTo report our initial experience using the FreeHand^® robotic camera holder (Freehand 2010 Ltd., Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom) for laparoscopic colorectal surgery in Trinidad & Tobago. METHODSWe retrospectively collected data from all patients who underwent laparoscopic colorectal resections using the Freehand^® (Freehand 2010 Ltd., Guildford, Surrey, United Kingdom) robotic camera holder between September 30, 2021 and April 30, 2022. The following data were recorded: patient demographics, robotic arm setup time, operating time, conversions to open surgery, conversions to a human camera operator, number and duration of intra-operative lens cleaning. At the termination of the operation, before operating notes were completed, the surgeons were administered a questionnaire recording information on ergonomics, user-difficulty, requirement to convert to a human camera operator and their ability to carry out effective movements to control the robot while operating. RESULTSNine patients at a mean age of 58.9 ± 7.1 years underwent colorectal operations using the FreeHand robot: Right hemicolectomies (5), left hemicolectomy (1), sigmoid colectomies (2) and anterior resection (1). The mean robot docking time was 6.33 minutes (Median 6; Range 4-10; SD ± 1.8). The mean duration of operation was 122.33 ± 78.5 min and estimated blood loss was 113.33 ± 151.08 mL. There were no conversions to a human camera holder. The laparoscope was detached from the robot for lens cleaning/defogging an average of 2.6 ± 0.88 times per case, with cumulative mean interruption time of 4.2 ± 2.15 minutes per case. The mean duration of hospitalization was 3.2 ± 1.30 days and there were no complications recorded. When the surgeons were interviewed after operation, the surgeons reported that there were good ergonomics (100%), with no limitation on instrument movement (100%), stable image (100%) and better control of surgical field (100%). CONCLUSIONRobot-assisted laparoscopic colorectal surgery is feasible and safe in the resource-poor Caribbean setting, once there is appropriate training.     

经皮肾镜碎石术与经输尿管镜（联合封堵器）碎石术治疗输尿管上段结石的临床比较

目的比较经皮肾镜碎石术（PCNL）与经输尿管镜（联合封堵器）碎石术（URL）治疗输尿管上段结石的疗效及安全性。方法回顾性分析93例输尿管上段结石患者的临床资料。根据手术方式不同将患者分为两组，A组（53例）采用PCNL治疗，B组（40例）采用URL联合封堵器治疗，比较两组患者在结石清除率、术中出血量、手术并发症发生率、住院时间及住院费用等方面的差别。结果两组患者一般资料比较均无统计学差异（均P＞0.05）。A组患者较B组结石清除率高（98.11%vs85.00%，P＜0.05），而术中出血量、住院时间、住院费用亦均高于B组（均P＜0.05）；两组患者手术并发症发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论PCNL及URL联合封堵器治疗输尿管上段结石各有优缺点；可根据医院实际情况（如器械条件）、术者习惯、患者意愿等情况选择术式。     

急性胰腺炎微创治疗进展

急性胰腺炎是一种起病急、病情危、进展快的临床危重症,其发病原因较为多样,易引发多种并发症,患者病死率较高,随着近些年医疗技术的不断进步,微创治疗已逐渐成为急性胰腺炎重要干预手段之一,使急性胰腺炎的综合治疗水平得以明显提升。本文作者拟结合临床经验,参考相关文献资料,就急性胰腺炎微创治疗的研究进展加以综述,以期为改善急性胰腺炎患者预后提供临床参考。     

Complicaciones hemorrágicas de la nefrolitotomía percutánea: valor del tratamiento endovascular precoz

Introduction and objectivesHemorrhage due to arteriovenous fistula (AVF) or pseudoaneurysm (PA) is a rare complication after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The objective of this study is to evaluate hemorrhagic complications (HC) after PCNL and the results of their endovascular treatment.Materials and methodsBetween May 2009 and December 2019, 1335 PCNL were performed in our center for kidney stone disease. We analyzed the incidence of early and late HC, their management, the need for subsequent embolization, as well as clinical and analytical data of these patients.ResultsA total of 59 (4.4%) patients presented HC. Bleeding was managed with arteriography and selective embolization (ASE). Perirenal hematoma was seen in 38 patients (64%).Regarding angiographic findings, there were 32 (54%) PA, 8 (14%) AVF, 4 (7%) extravasations due to vascular laceration and 15 (25%) PA combined with AVF. In one case, 3 procedures were required to control the bleeding. In 30 patients (51%) blood transfusions were not necessary, while in 29 (49%), a mean of 1.3 units were transfused. Median follow-up was 24±21 months.Mean time interval between PCNL and ASE was 7.3±4.9 days. A total of 24 (41%) patients were readmitted after discharge due to late HC requiring ASE. Delay between readmission and ASE was 4.8±4.6 hours in average.ConclusionEarly and late HC after PCNL can be severe. Rapid identification and treatment with ASE is an effective and minimally invasive and avoids multiple blood transfusions which in many cases constitute an insufficient treatment.     

Elevated serum uric acid is a predictor of contrast associated acute kidney injury in patient with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention

BackgroundContrast associated-acute kidney injury (CA-AKI) has been associated with adverse outcomes after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). However, early markers of CA-AKI are still needed to improve risk stratification. We investigated the association between elevated serum uric acid (eSUA) and CA-AKI in patients with STEMI treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI).Methods and resultsSerum creatinine (Scr) was measured at admission and 24, 48 and 72 h after pPCI. CA-AKI was defined as an increase of 25% (CA-AKI 25%) or 0.5 mg/dl (CA-AKI 0.5) of Scr level above the baseline after 48 h following contrast administration. Multivariable analyses to investigate CA-AKI predictors were performed by binary logistic regression and multivariable backward logistic regression model.In the 3023 patients considered, CA-AKI was more frequent among patients with eSUA as compared with patients with normal SUA levels, considering both CA-AKI definitions (CA-AKI25%: 20.8% vs 16.2%, p < 0.012; CA-AKI 0.5: 10.1% vs 5.8%, p < 0.001). The association between eSUA and CA-AKI was confirmed at multivariable analyses (CA-AKI 25%: odd ratio 1.32, 95% CI 1.03–1.69, p = 0.027; CA-AKI 0.5: odd ratio 1.76, 95% CI 1.11–2.79, p = 0.016).ConclusionElevated serum uric acid is associated with CA-AKI after reperfusion in patients with STEMI treated with pPCI.